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Lactose Breath Test
Fructose Breath Test
Sucrose Breath Test

Carbohydrate malabsorption occurs when the small intestine can't fully break down and absorb a specific sugar. The undigested portion reaches the colon, where bacteria ferment it, producing the gas responsible for bloating, cramping, and diarrhea. A breath test identifies exactly which sugar is the problem.

Method
Breath hydrogen measurement after a measured sugar dose
Duration
Approximately 2 to 3 hours, seated
Sugars tested
Lactose, fructose, or sucrose, based on your history

After a baseline breath sample, you drink a solution containing a measured amount of the sugar in question. Breath samples are then collected at regular intervals. A rise in breath hydrogen signals that the sugar reached the colon undigested, confirming malabsorption of that specific sugar.

Which sugar, which symptoms
Test
Typically Ordered For
Lactose Breath Test
Bloating, cramping, or diarrhea after dairy. The most commonly ordered malabsorption test.
Fructose Breath Test
Symptoms after fruit, honey, or high-fructose corn syrup. Often overlaps with IBS-type symptom patterns.
Sucrose Breath Test
Symptoms tied to table sugar and starches, sometimes reflecting a congenital enzyme deficiency identified later in life.

Malabsorption and bacterial overgrowth frequently present with the same symptoms. Where the history suggests overlap, we pair this panel with SIBO breath testing to separate the two.

Commonly Ordered For

Patients with recurring bloating, gas, cramping, or diarrhea tied to specific foods, especially where a suspected trigger such as dairy or fruit has not been formally confirmed.

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